Der er vedtaget en lang række arbejdsmiljømæssige EU-foranstaltninger på grundlag af artikel 153 i traktaten om Den Europæiske Unions funktionsmåde. EU-direktiver er juridisk bindende og skal gennemføres i medlemsstaternes nationale lovgivning.
EU's direktiver fastsætter mindstekrav og grundlæggende principper, såsom princippet om forebyggelse og risikovurdering samt arbejdsgivernes og arbejdstagernes ansvar. En række EU-retningslinjer tager sigte på at fremme gennemførelsen af EU-direktiver samt EU-standarder, som vedtages af de europæiske standardiseringsorganisationer.
EU's strategiramme for sundhed og sikkerhed på arbejdspladsen 2021-2027, som blev bekendtgjort i handlingsplanen for den europæiske søjle for sociale rettigheder, fastsætter nøgleprioriteterne og de nødvendige tiltag for at forbedre arbejdstagernes sikkerhed og sundhed. Strategirammen anlægger en trepartstilgang med fokus på de tre centrale mål: foregribelse og håndtering af forandringer, bedre forebyggelse og øget beredskab.
Mere information om sikkerhed og sundhed på arbejdspladsen kan findes på webstedet for Europa-Kommissionens GD for Beskæftigelse og Sociale Anliggender, Arbejdsmarkedsforhold og Inklusion.
Følgende afsnit giver information om EU-lovgivningen, gennemførelsen heraf og andre praktiske dokumenter om arbejdsmiljø opstillet efter emne.
OSHwiki-specialartikler
Impact assessment of occupational safety and health policy
Aditya Jain, Nottingham University Business School, and Stavroula Leka, Centre for Organizational Health and Development, University of Nottingham
Impact assessment is a key process for setting out detailed information about the potential effects of policy measures including economic and social costs and benefits. Impact assessments allow policy makers to make informed choices on whether or not to implement a policy intervention and select an appropriate policy instrument. This article describes the process, key methodologies and tools used in impact assessment. It also presents a review of key impact assessments carried out in relation to occupational safety and health policies at the EU level and highlights the costs and benefits of the process.
Workplace minimum requirements and EU OSH legislation
Carsten Brück, Germany
The European Union sets legislation in the form of Directives, based on the legal foundation established in Article 153 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. EU legislature has established a system of basic principles of safety management, which must be transposed into national law by the Member States. Thus the principles are applicable in all establishments in the European Union.
General basic requirements for safety and health at workplaces are laid down in Directive 1989/654/EEC concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the workplace (in the following referred to as WPD). The aim of this Directive is to introduce minimum measures designed to improve the working environment, in order to guarantee a better standard of safety and health protection. Dir 1989/654/EEC is the first individual Directive within the meaning of Article 16 (1) of the Framework Directive (1989/391/EEC), which establishes general principles for managing safety and health. Further provisions are established in specific Directives for workplaces in sectors of elevated risk.
