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European Agency for Safety and Health at Work

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You are here: Home Priority Groups Women and health at work

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Women make up 45% of the employed population in the EU. Men and women are not the same and the jobs they do, their working conditions and how they are treated by society are not the same. These factors can affect the hazards they face at work and the approach that needs to be taken to assess and control them.

Factors to take into account include:

  • women and men are concentrated in certain jobs, and therefore face hazards particular to those jobs
  • women and men are physically different, including in regard to reproduction
  • women and men have different responsibilities in the home. Working women may have two jobs, at work and in the home.

It is therefore important to recognise these differences and take a 'gender sensitive' approach to health and safety at work.

EU-OSHA has produced some publications specifically on women. We also 'mainstream' gender into other reports, including reports on noise, MSDs and young workers. Other reports and web features cover occupational groups which have a predominantly female workforce such as cleaners, healthcare workers and the education sector. The resources in Practical Solutions are intended to help users take a gender-sensitive approach to identifying and preventing risks, contribute to the debate about how a gender sensitive approach can best be taken and also contribute to the sharing of research information on gender and occupational safety.

 


  2007 European Year of Equal Opportunities for All

EU-“Quality of work and employment: A policy tool towards an inclusive and sustainable growth” (02.04.2012)

The EU-OSHA Director, Dr. Christa Sedlatschek, will participate at a Joint Conference of the European Parliament and Eurofound on April 12 2012 to discuss the inclusive dimensions of a “good work” perspective for men and women, for young and older people.

WHO - Gender equality and women's empowerment need commitment (08.03.2012)

Lack of access to health care and to education, gender inequality and limited access to credit pose challenges for women, particularly those in rural areas.

EU-European Commission weighs options to break the ‛glass ceiling’ for women on company boards (08.03.2012)

A European Commission report shows that limited progress towards increasing the number of women on company boards has been achieved one year after EU Justice Commissioner Viviane Reding called for credible self-regulatory measures (see MEMO/11/124). Just one in seven board members at Europe's top firms is a woman (13.7%). This is a slight improvement from 11.8% in 2010. However, it would still take more than 40 years to reach a significant gender balance (at least 40% of both sexes) at this rate.

ILO - Gender equality in the rural sector: The ever-present challenge (08.03.2012)

The theme for this year's International Women's Day - Empower Rural Women, end poverty and hunger - highlights the need to tackle gender inequalities in the rural sector. Women living and working in rural areas are often perceived and treated as second-class citizens.

UK, HSE, How HSE complies with its equality duties (16.02.2012)

HSE's Commitment to the Equality Duty

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is committed to eliminating discrimination and promoting equality in our policies and in our dealings with our staff. We are committed to all aspects of equality with overarching objectives covering all equality strands.
 

DE-Multitasking "don´t disturb" - guidance on how to avoid stress and overload (in German) (15.02.2012)

The German Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA) has just published a brochure on how to tackle stress and overload linked to frequent interruptions and the demand for multitasking. The brochure is one of the outcomes of a project that attempted to identify good working practices to support an ageing working population.

BE - Women and occupational diseases: the case of Belgium (14.02.2012)

The ETUI recently published a report highlighting the discriminatory impact on women of the system for the declaration and recognition of occupational diseases in Belgium. There is one striking statistic: women represent less than 10% of recognised cases of occupational diseases.

US - Study finds that working shifts may increase the risk of developing diabetes in nurses (06.02.2012)

Examining the association between rotating shift work (≥3 nights/month plus days and evenings) and Type 2 diabetes among 177,000 female nurses aged 25–67 (the Nurses' Health Study), this large-scale study revealed a graded association between the duration of working life the nurses had been engaged in shift work and risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes.

IE - Guidance on the Management of Manual Handling in Healthcare (03.02.2012)

This guide provides practical information on managing the risk of injury from manual handling activities in the healthcare sector.

INT-WHO-Building Healthy and Equitable Workplaces for Women and Men: A Resource for Employers and Worker Representatives (23.01.2012)

This WHO document provides employers and worker representatives with tools to build healthy and equitable workplaces for women and men while bringing needed attention to issues predominantly affecting women.

INT – WHO Gender, Work and Health (updated version - 2011) (18.01.2012)

The World Health Organisation (WHO) has published two booklets on gender issues and working conditions.
One booklet provides an overview of the differences and inequalities in work and health between women and men, and highlights issues of particular importance to women. Advice for action is provided at different levels: government, employers, workers and researchers.

BE, CAN- Improving working conditions in home care services (14.01.2012)

A guide to good organizational practices aimed at improving the quality of home care and home support services (HCS) jobs has just been published by the Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST). Developed by members of two research teams, the IRSST in Québec and the Service de psychologie du travail of the Université de Mons in Belgium, this project was funded by the 5th permanent joint board on cooperation between Québec – Wallonia-Brussels.

NL-Hexaclorobenzene –toxicological assessment and occupational exposure limit (07.12.2011)

At request of the Minister of Social Affairs and Employment, the Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Exposure Safety (DECOS), a Committee of the Health Council of The Netherlands, proposes health-based recommended occupational exposure limits (HBROEL) for chemical substances in the air at the workplace. These recommendations serve as a basis in setting legally binding occupational exposure limits by the minister.

UK - Health and safety in the air transport industry (31.10.2011)

The Webpage gives access to a number of resources related to occupational safety and health

NL - Reproductive toxicity of hexachlorophene, methotrexate, and N-fluoren-2-ylacetamide – evaluation (21.10.2011)

The Health Council of the Netherlands has reviewed hexachlorophene, methotrexate, and N-fluoren-2-ylacetamide. These reports are part of a series, in which the Health Council evaluates the effects of substances on reproduction, at request of the Minister of Social affairs and Employment, as a result of the Dutch regulation on registration of compounds toxic to reproduction that came into force on 1 April 1995.

World Mental Health Day – 10 October (10.10.2011)

10th October is World Mental Health Day. The time to remind ourselves and others that mental health is an important aspect of general health – a value that should not be underestimated. The workplace can be a particularly important setting to maintain good mental health through both prevention of psychosocial risks and promotion of mental health.

For more information on mental health at the workplace and how to improve it, visit these EU-OSHA resources:

Prevention of work-related stress

Management of psychosocial risks in the ESENER enterprise survey

Workplace health promotion

Report ‘Mental health promotion in the workplace

INT - Improved Safety for Truck Drivers: Designing Safer Cabs Based on Driver Body Dimensions (22.09.2011)

 Approximately 1.5 million U.S. workers were employed as drivers of heavy trucks and tractor-trailers in 2009. Truck drivers spend long hours behind the wheel, working an average of 41.5 hours per week. Therefore, a well-designed truck cab can make a significant difference in the working conditions for a truck driver. 

INT - NIOSH List of Hazardous Drugs in Healthcare Settings to Minimize Exposure and Reduce Health Risks (21.09.2011)

 About 8 million U.S. healthcare workers are potentially exposed to hazardous drugs, including pharmacy and nursing personnel, physicians, environmental services workers, workers in research laboratories, veterinary care workers, and shipping and receiving personnel.

EU-OSHA to present recent research on women at work at the XIX OSH World Congress on safety and health at work (13.09.2011)

Inequality both inside and outside the workplace can have an effect on the health and safety of women at work. Progress has been made, but there are still gaps within the research, policy and prevention measures:

European OSH statistics still do not cover women satisfactorily. Occupational diseases still mainly reflect male jobs and accident recording omits sectors where women work, e.g. education and health care. In Europe, occupational segregation, gender discrimination, family responsibilities, women’s multiple roles and jobs, disparity in pay and poverty all impact on their safety and health at work.

The research highlights that major risks factors include the type of work carried out by women, issues faced by younger and older women, the growth of the service sector, violence and harassment, and increasingly diversified working time patterns as major risk factors.

New risks and trends in the safety and health of women at work

Women and Health at Work

Further publications on the topic

Seminar on women at work

AT - Gender mainstreaming - Labour inspection awarded the national excellence in administration award for its innovative programme (13.07.2011)

The Austrian labour inspection was awarded with the national excellence in administration award for its programme for gender mainstreaming into its activities.